What causes sinusitis?

Infection or inflammation of the sinuses. The sinuses (four pairs) are air-filled pockets adjacent to the nose. They contain air and mucus and trap dirt brought in with the air we breathe. The trapped dirt and mucus is expelled out of tiny drainage holes. The swelling obstructs draining, the openings become blocked then pressure builds, inflammation and bacterial infection may occur. Blockage may occur as a result of bacterial and viral infection, colds and flu, hay fever, swimming, cigarette smoke, dental infection and some allergies. The blockage may be caused by an abnormality of the nasal passages or as a symptom of other problems.

Always consult your medical practitioner.

What happens with sinusitis?

Swelling, nasal discharge, post nasal drip, facial pain, pressure behind the eyes, and fever are the usual symptoms. Sometimes toothache is present. The area around the sinus may be tender and red and be associated with nasal congestion. A yellow/green, smelly discharge may be present. Sinusitis can be painful but is not likely to last for long periods. Repetitive sinusitis symptoms occurring over time require consultation with your medical practitioner.

Traditional Pharmacy

Therapy concentrates on draining the sinuses and pain relief. It is effectively treated by suitable over the counter medications including analgesics such as paracetamol and codeine. A decongestant to help shrink the swollen nasal passages, such as pseudoephedrine may be recommended for short term use. For allergy and hayfever sinus relief a suitable antihistamine such as chlorpheniramine may be recommended to dry out nasal passages and relieve itchy eyes. Other therapy includes the use of a nasal spray containing oxymetazoline, helpful for the temporary relief of blocked nose and sinus congestion. Nasal sprays are suitable for short term use, and should not be used for long periods, as they may interfere with normal function, leading to further problems.

Consult your pharmacist for advice and a suitable remedy for your condition.

If sinusitis persists or is due to a bacterial infection your medical practitioner may prescribe a suitable antibiotic.

Natural Pharmacy

Concentrates on boosting the immune system and helping sinus drainage. Echinacea and garlic help the immune system. Volatile oils including eucalyptus, peppermint and pine may help break up the clogged sinuses, and may be used with a vapourizer. Supplements including Vitamin C are often recommended.

Consult your pharmacist for advice.

What else to do?

Steam is helpful for sinus problems - fill the bathroom sink with hot water and breathe in the steam - place a covering over your head to trap the vapour. Vapourizers are available from your pharmacy - used at night to prevent nasal passage dryness. It is also important to drink plenty of fluids.

Prevention and Cautions

• Avoid smoke filled places and cease smoking.
• It is most important to avoid any allergenic situations.
• Avoid air travel whilst sinusitis is a problem.

Seek professional advice if

• You consistently suffer sinusitis.
• Your symptoms include a high fever.
• Your suffer from chronic hayfever.

References

• The Merck Manual 17th Edition
• Encyclopaedia of Natural Medicine 2nd Edition